The First Person With Autism - 1834 Words

I grew up in Armenia, where, unfortunately, people with mental disabilities didn’t have a big role in society. The situation is changing to the better now, but when I lived there, there were no support groups for these people, no special schools, and the parents didn’t even hope that these kids could have a normal life. The first person with Autism that I’ve met was a little girl at my mom’s friend’s house. Being around 10 years old myself, I didn’t know much about autism or any mental disorders. All I knew was that girl was different from me, that she was too aggressive, and when she wanted to play with a fake phone, she started screaming until we gave it to her. My mom later explained to me what her disability was, and I thought she was†¦show more content†¦The society, regular people like me are also doing everything in their power to make the lives of people with ASD more â€Å"normal,† and to make the struggle with the di sease easier. I’ve also had the opportunity to work with a child with ASD during a â€Å"Spirits in Actions† event, organized by the accounting fraternity Beta Alpha Psi at USC. So meeting that little girl with Autism when I was young has sparked an interest in me about Autism, its treatment, and most of all, about the lives of those with the disease, which is why I decided to do more research and to write this paper about that disease. When speaking about Autism, the image that usually comes to people’s minds is someone who doesn’t interact with others, doesn’t show emotions, and is a genius in some field of science or music. Though this might by the true picture of a person with autism, symptoms of people with Autism Spectrum Disorder can vary greatly. The main characteristics of ASD are: hardships in social behavior, repetitive behavior, interests in a specific subject or subject area, which cause â€Å"significant impairment in social, occupat ional, or other important areas of current functioning.† ASD should be noticeable in the first couple of years of a child’s life. In the US, about 1 in every 68 children has ASD, boys being affected 4 to 5 times more than girls (nimh.nih.gov). The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental Disorders,

Development of Anthropology as a Discipline in the United...

Development of Anthropology as a Discipline in the United States I. Early History of Anthropology in the United States 1870-1900 â€Å"The roots of anthropology lie in the eye-witness accounts of travelers who have journeyed to lands on the margins of state-based societies and described their cultures and in the efforts of individuals who have analyzed the information collected. In the late 1960’s and early 1970’s, a number of anthropologists recognized that the practice of anthropology was intimately linked to commerce and colonial expansion.† (Patterson 1) There were essentially three â€Å"schools† of anthropological thinking by the First World War and after. The first, cultural determinism, maintained by Franz Boas and his students,†¦show more content†¦The second point, however, also deals with the fact that anthropology in it’s beginning was used for strategic information, which would latter be used in an attempt to justify the eugenicist’s ideological standpoint, but initially was used practically to more efficiently displace those standing in the way of manifest destiny. It is certainly easier to subjugate a person if you know something about them. A. Eugenics and Racial Determinism In the 1870s issues such as the progress of man and the development of civilization became important questions for contemplation. The 1880s was a period of intense discrimination against marginalized groups, based on gender, race, and socio-economic status. America had just emerged victorious from the Indian Wars and the Civil War is recent history, Western Samoa was annexed, and Hawaii, Puerto Rico, the Philippines, and Cuba were recently annexed, but along with these imperialist ventures came widespread classism, racism, sexism and xenophobia, well documented in newspapers and other media from the time period. There were two events, according to anthropologist Thomas C. Patterson, whichShow MoreRelatedThe Anthropology Of Cultural Anthropology1370 Words   |  6 Pagescultural anthropology, which seeks to understand the purpose and place of the humans in this world. It will include anthropology as a social science, the concept of culture, and it would also introduction the human evolution and to archaeology, ethnographic field methods. 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Clouded Atmosphere Essay Example For Students

Clouded Atmosphere Essay Clouded AtmosphereThe concentration of the atmospheres main greenhouse gases specifically, carbondioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and water vapor, have increased significantly during theindustrial age. These high concentrations are predicted to continue in the atmosphere forthousands of years to come. This increase in specially carbon dioxide, increases theinfrared energy taken in by the atmosphere, and warming the earths surface. The Globalmean temperature over the past 150 years has risen between 0.3 degrees C and 0.6degrees C. Climate changes that have been predicted are based on the continual rise inGreen House Gases. These changes include changes in: increase in mean surface airtemperature, increase in global mean rates of precipitation and evaporation, rising sealevel, and changes in the biosphere. There are many causes to the rise in Green House Gases in the atmosphere. Therise in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is largely related to the combustion of fossil fuelsand cement production (Hansen). The increase in methane is do to rice cultivation, animalhusbandry, biomass burning, and landfills (Kattenberg). Nitrous oxide is on the risebecause of industrial sources like adipic acid and nitric acid production (Kattenberg). Other gases not mentioned above that have a small impact on the Green House Gasproposed problem, is CFC-11 and CFC-12, these Gases are know to the public as being abig source of warming, although catalyzing decomposition of stratospheric ozone, theydo not pose a great threat. Since the public was notified of these compounds inrefrigerants, spray propellants, and foam blowing; the atmospheric concentrations havedecreased greatly (Prather). The danger that all these Green House Gases put to the atmosphere is the increasein the infrared energy absorbed by the atmosphere. This extra energy absorbed althoughthought to only warm the earth also has a cooling tendency on the stratosphere (Peixotoand Oort). The affect the radiation has by this increase of Green House Gasesconcentration is also known as Infrared Flux at the tropopause (Wang). The modelsused to predict this information can also closely mimic the other layers of the atmosphereas well as the surface. Worldwide temperature measurements are carefully taken withmany variables in mind. Such variables would be urbanization of a region, aerosols,precipitation, and changes in temperature and clouds (Hansen). Usually the temperature isthe first variable that is considered when assessments of the world climate change aretaken, it is also very important to consider other data that is part of the climate systemalong the line of time and space. Some other sources of informati on are: tree rings, borehole temperature measurements in the soil, permafrost, and ice sheets, and measurementsof the mass of valley glaciers and ice caps. By looking at this material for the past 600years it has been determined that the warming in the twentieth century is greater over thistime period (Briffa). From paleoclimate studies it has been concluded that the Earths climate has beenaltered by more than just Green House Gases, but Inorder to find the effects of the GreenHouse Gases specifically, a study of records from the periods when the changes in theatmospheric carbon dioxide were much larger than those of our century. Large naturalvariation in the atmospheres carbon dioxide were found in the observation and analysis ofgas bubbles trapped in glacier ice cores, are correlated with glacial (ice age) andinterglacial climate change of the latest Pleistocene and Holocene epochs. These glacialperiods are associated with low carbon dioxide concentrations, and the interglacial periodswith high concentrations. When looking at methane concentrations within these cores,there was a similar correlation (Chappellaz). .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693 , .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693 .postImageUrl , .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693 , .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693:hover , .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693:visited , .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693:active { border:0!important; } .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693:active , .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693 .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua4d8261791ef80ff76907a27d6af5693:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Homeopathy (2683 words) EssaySome of the predicted changes to the Earths climate due to this continual rise inGreen House Gases are: increase in mean surface air temperature, increase in global meanrates of precipitation and evaporation, rising of sea levels. An increase in the surface airtemperature would cause rates of evaporation to increase, causing the water vapor in theair to rise. The positive feedback to the surface temperature increase is that is will lead toa more intense hydrological cycle, with more precipitation events (Kattenberg). Anotherpossible consequence of greenhouse gas induced climate change is elevated sea levels. The main cause for sea level fluctua tion is due to thermal expansion and the melting ofglaciers, both are responses to higher air temperatures. Measurements taken from 93 to98 indicate a melt rate from Greenlands ice sheet of 1 meter a year (Krabill). There havebeen measurements of the sea levels also, they indicate a rise of about 10 25 cm a year(Douglas). All of these predictions were made by constructing models that help scientistpredict the climate change if the Green House Gases continue to rise at a steady rate. Although scientist are fairly confident in these models there is room for error in thesemodels. Despite the gains there are a number of features of the climate system that arestill crudely represented in climate models. The models are restricted in their ability toaccurately represent terrain effects and to simulate processes that occur on a smaller scale. Other shortcomings in the climate models is their inability to actually portray the effects ofaerosols, precipitation, and clouds and changes in solar irradiance. For these and otherreasons there remains scientific uncertainties in model predictions, including uncertaintiesin the predictions of local effects of climate change, occurrence of extreme weatherevents, effects of aerosols, changes in clouds, shifts in precipitation, and even changes inocean circulation (Hansen ). Aerosols are a big concern for model analysts, because aerosols are a principlesource of uncertainty in modeling climate changes during the industrial period. Aerosolsscatter and absorb short wave (solar) radiation and modify the reflectivity of clouds. Botheffects are thought to decrease the abortion of short wave radiation by the Earth, coolingthe climate, even though the troposphere aerosols only last a day in the atmosphere(Charlson). Green House Gases are related to the warming of the Earth, but the future of theclimate is not yet know, or predicted. So many variables make up the atmosphere and itsclimate, no model can accurately predict the future. Natural Earth warmers like watervapor and clouds also contribute to the warming trend. The Earths records of ice agesand tree rings can only paint a very small piece of this huge picture. scientist are at adisadvantage because they are not able to see the Earths full past, as an instructor of mineonce said- they cannot predict th e future of climate patterns when they have only beenstudding the atmosphere for the last 100 years. Science